Igituma imashini yo gutoza ikenewe mu guhingura impeta za piston
Impeto za piston zitegerezwa kuba zifiseuburinganire budasanzwe n'iherezo ry'ubutakakugira ngo umenye neza:
Bikwiyegukingirahagati ya piston n'uruhome rwa cylindre
Igenzurwafilime y'amavutaku ruhande rw'igice c'umubiri
Gakeugushikana no kwambaramu gihe moteri iriko irakora
Inyuma y’imigenderanire nk’iyiguhindura, gusesa no gupfuka, impetaumurongo w'imbere (ID), umurongo w'inyuma (OD), kandimu ruhandeashobora kuba agifise:
Ibimenyetso vy'imashini bikoresheje imikorosikopi
Gugoramye gato (inyuma-ya-ubuzibuzi, ubuzibuzi)
Ubuhinga bwo ku ruhande butatunganijwe bwo kugumya amavuta no gukora-mu
Gutyo,gutoza birakeneweku:
Gushitsamicron-urugero rw'ubuzingi n'uburinganire bw'umurongoy’indangamuntu canke OD y’impeta.
Kugyohoraguheza ku ruhande n'imiterere y'ivyo kwikorerakugira ngo ushobore guterera neza ku mfuruka y’icuma.
Gutangauburyo buto bugenzurwaiyo ifata neza amavuta yo gutera amavuta.
Gukuraibimenyetso vy'ibikoresho vyasigayekandi ugatunganya igiharuro c’ibintu inyuma yo gukoresha ubushuhe canke gusya.
Imikorere y'imashini yo gutoza mu guhingura impeta za piston
| Igikogwa | Imvugo |
|---|---|
| Ingano y'ukuri | Ingano ya nyuma y’impeta ID/OD gushika hagati ya ±0.001–0.002 mm. |
| Ugukosora ubuzinguzingu n'ubuzingi | Ikuraho ibigoramye bitewe n’ugukoresha ubushuhe canke gukoresha imashini imbere y’igihe. |
| Guteza imbere iherezo ry'imbere | Ishika ku rwego rw’indorerwamo- canke rw’urutare (Ra ≈ 0.1–0.3 μm). |
| Ubutaka bwo kugumya amavuta | Itanga micro-umusaraba-ibara ry'agahama canke ibara ry'agahama kugira ngo ushiremwo amavuta meza. |
| Kugabanya ugushikana no kwambara | Yongera ubushobozi bw'impeta ya piston n'ubushobozi bwa moteri. |
Uko igikorwa co gutoza gikorwa (Intambwe-ku -Intambwe)
1. Gutegura igikoresho
Impeto za piston zirafatanywa cankeumuntu ku giti ciwecanke muibirundokuumugozi w'ukuri.
Ico gikoresho co gutoza gishirwaho hakurikijwe .Ingano y'impeta n'ibikoresho(mu bisanzwe ni impeta zipfutse ivyuma, ivyuma, canke molibdeni-).
2. Gutegura igikoresho co gutoza
A gutoza umutwe canke umutweifiseamabuye ashazani ryo rikoreshwa.
Ivyo bikoresho bishaza nidiama, CBN (nitrure de boron cubique), canke oxide d’aluminium, bivanye n’uburemere bw’impeta be n’ibisabwa vyo guheza.
Amabuye nikwaguka, gukoresha umukazo ungana ku ruhande rw’imbere canke rw’inyuma.
3. Ibikorwa vyo gutoza
(a) Ubufatanye n'Inyigisho
Umutwe wo gutozaizunguruka(kenshi 200–600 ku munota) mu gihe .gusubiranamo mu buryo bw'umurongoku ncuro nyinshi (20–60/minute).
Ivyo bihimba bihurikiye hamwe bica ahantu heza kandi bimwe kandi bishobora gutuma habamicro-umusaraba-igishushanyo c'uruzitiroiyo bisabwe.
(b) Igitutu n'ibifungurwa bigenzurwa
Hydraulic canke servo-igenzurwa n'ukwaguka ikoresha umukazo udahinduka kugira ngo mbere n'ububiko bukurweho.
Gukuraho ibikoresho ni bike - mu bisanzwe5–20 µm- ariko n'ukuri gukomeye kw'ubuhinga.
(c) Ugutemba kw'ibikonjesha
Amavuta yo gukonjesha canke ivyuma bikonjesha vy’ubuhinga bwa none birakuraho utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto, bikabitera amavuta, kandi bikakonjesha igikoresho co gukoresha be n’ivyo gukonjesha.
4. Gukurikirana no gupima inzira
Mu -uburyo bwo gupimacankeUburyo bwo gupima umuyagagukurikirana ubunini bw'imbohe canke ID y'impeta mu gihe nyaco-.
Ingano yihuta -zimye ituma impeta yose ihura n'ukwihangana nyakuri.
Kubera -umubare munini,vyinshi -imirongo canke imashini zikora imibumbezikoreshwa mu gukosora icarimwe impeta nyinshi.
5. Guheza (Ikibanza c'Ibarabara canke Indorerwamo)
Igiharuro ca nyuma gikoreshaamabuye meza-kugira ngo ushiremwo isonga ry'imbere mu gihe usiga amavuta-ibiyaya bigumya.
Ibi "gutoza umusozi" irema igishushanyo kigenzurwa kigabanya gusambuka mu gihe c'intango y'urugendo rwa moteri-mu gihe.
Ivyavuyemwo ku ruhande n'ibiranga ingano
| Parametere | Agaciro gasanzwe | Intumbero |
|---|---|---|
| Kwihanganira ID/OD | ±0,001-0,002 mm | Gukingira neza bibereye mu murongo wa piston n'umwobo wa cylindre |
| Ubuzinguzingu | Muto canke bingana na 1.0 μm | Guhindukiza neza n'umuvuduko ungana |
| Ubusaza bwo ku ruhande (Ra) | 0.1–0.3 µm | Gunyerera neza no kugenzura amavuta |
| Umusaraba-Imfuruka y'uruzitiro | 20 degre –40 degre (niba bisabwa) | Gufata neza amavuta no kuyasiga |
| Igipimo c'imisozi | 60–80% | Kwiruka vyihuta-mu n'ukwambara guke |
Gutunganya imiterere y'ibizingiti vya piston
| Ubwoko | Imvugo | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| Gutoza imbere mu mutima | Hones umurongo w'imbere (kubera umurongo wa piston ukwiye) | Ibisanzwe cane |
| Gutoza hanze | Irangije umurongo w'inyuma (ku bijanye n'uburebure bw'umubiri) | Ikoreshwa mu kugenzura neza impeta-bore interface |
| Gutunganya ubuso buringaniye | Irangije impeta ku ruhande rw'amaso | Kugira ngo unyerere neza mu mirongo ya piston |
| Imashini zo gutoza imibumbe | Ivyuma vyinshi bikora impeta nyinshi icarimwe | Imirongo y'ibikorwa vyinshi - |
Icegeranyo
| Uruhande | Imvugo |
|---|---|
| Gukenera gutozwa | Kugira ngo ushike ku ntumbero nziza cane, uburyohe, n’amavuta-agumye ku bipande vya piston kugira ngo moteri ishobore gukingira neza no gukomera. |
| Ibikorwa nyamukuru | Gukosora ingero, kunoza ubuzinguzingu, guheza ku ruhande, no guhingura amavuta. |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | Gucapura bigenzurwa hakoreshejwe amabuye azunguruka n’azunguruka mu gihe c’ugutemba kw’amazi akonjesha. |
| Ingaruka | Igishushanyo c'impeta kidahinduka, ugushikana guke, ukugenzura neza amavuta, n'ugukomera gukomeye mu bikorwa vya moteri. |
