Igikoresho c'umwidegemvyo gifise ingero nyinshi-ni -ni igikoresho gishobora gukora inyigisho zikomeye zo mu kirere. Agaciro kayo nyamukuru kari mu kwigana canke gusubiramwo inyifato y’inguvu y’ibintu mu kibanza c’ingero zitatu-biciye mu nzira nyinshi z’inyigisho zishobora kugenzurwa zitandukanye. Izo nzira zikoreshwa cane mu kwimenyereza kwigana, mu kugerageza mu nganda, mu vyo kwinezereza no mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi butagiramwo amahinyu. Insobanuro n’ukwaguka kw’urutonde rwavyo rw’inyigisho ni vyo bigena ata guca ku ruhande imbibe n’ubushobozi bw’ibikorwa vyavyo.
Insobanuro n'ingero nyamukuru z'urugero rw'inyigisho
"Urugero" rw'ingero nyinshi -degree -y'-urubuga rw'umwidegemvyo mu bisanzwe rugizwe n'inzego zibiri: imipaka y'inyigisho mu kibanza c'umubiri (nk'akarorero, uguhinduka kw'ibintu canke imfuruka y'uguhinduka), n'uburebure bw'ukuri gushobora kugenzurwa (ni ukuvuga, nimba inyigisho ishobora guhindurwa n'ugushirwaho). Uvuye ku bijanye n’imiterere, amabarabara asanzwe atatu-degree-y’-umwidegemvyo (3-DOF) arashoboza guhindura ku nzira za X/Y/Z canke guhindukiza hirya no hino y’inzira zitatu (nk’ugutera, ugutera, n’ugutera). Ivyiyumviro bitandatu-vy'umwidegemvyo (6-DOF) vyongera ivyimburwa bitatu vy'umwidegemvyo kuri ivyo bikoresho 3-DOF, bikaba bishoboza kwigana amahinduka y'imiterere y'umubiri mu kirere-nk'akarorero, gukorana n'ugutera imbere n'ugutera imbere kw'indege, guhindura amarobo yo munsi y’amazi.
Imipaka y’umubiri y’urugero rw’inyigisho igenwa n’uguhingura ibikoresho. Nk’akarorero, uburebure bw’inzira y’ibipimo vy’umuyagankuba canke vy’amazi buragabanya urugendo rwo guhindura umurongo rwo hejuru (ibipimo vy’uguhindura vy’umurongo umwe-bisanzwe ku bibanza vya 3-DOF biva kuri metero ±0,5 gushika ku metero nyinshi). Ingano y’ibikoresho n’inguvu z’umuvuduko w’ibinyabiziga vy’ibihimba vy’umubiri bihindura imfuruka y’uguhinduka (mu bisanzwe ±15℃gushika kuri ±45℃, n’imigero yihariye ishika ku ±90℃canke mbere irenga). Ariko rero, urugero rw’ukuri ruvana n’ugutuma ubuhinga bwo kugenzura bugenda neza be n’ugusubiza kw’ibimenyetso (nk’ibikoresho bipima uburebure bw’ibintu bikoresheje laser be n’ibikoresho bipima uburebure bw’ibintu). Ivyuma vy'ubuhinga buhanitse-bishobora kuguma bifise umusaruro uhagaze mu gihe c'uguhinduka kw'urugero rwa milimetero canke uguhinduka kw'ingero 0.1.
Uko ubuhinga bushasha bwagura imbibe z'ikoreshwa
Kubera iterambere ry’ubuhinga bw’ibikoresho n’ubuhinga bwo kugenzura, urutonde rw’inyigisho z’ibibanza vyinshi-degree-vy-vy’umwidegemvyo ruguma rwaguka. Nk’akarorero, amabarabara akoresha ibikoresho vy’ivyuma vy’umuyagankuba kugira ngo agabanye uburemere bw’ibintu bishobora gushika ku rugendo runini rw’ubuhinduzi afise inguvu imwe nyene zituma umuntu akora. Ivyiyumviro vy'imirongo y'imirongo bituma abakoresha bashobora guhindura ihuriro ry'imirongo y'imirongo y'imirongo bivanye n'ivyo bakeneye (nk'ukwongerako "uruzitiro" rw'ingero z'umwidegemvyo kugira ngo bashobore kwakira ibintu vyihariye). Ku rugero rw'ubugenzuzi, ubuhinga bushingiye ku bugenzuzi bw'akarorero (MPC) burashobora gusubiza inyuma ivy'ubuhinga n'uguhinduka kw'umuzigo mu gihe nyaco, bikongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha urutonde rw'inyigisho n'ibice birenga 30%-bisobanura ko mbere n'"ibice vyo ku ruhande" mbere bitashobora gushikwako kubera imipaka y'ubuhinga bishobora gupfukwa.
Ibisabwa mu gutandukanya urutonde mu bikorwa bitandukanye ni vyo bituma habaho ugusubiramwo kw’ubuhinga. Mu bikoresho vy’ugupima indege, ibibanza bitandatu-degree-vy-vy’umwidegemvyo bitegerezwa gupfuka ama maneuvre akaze cane abadereva bashobora guhura na yo (nk’ukwihuta kw’indege mu gihe c’uguduga n’uguhindukira). Ku bw'ivyo, urugero rwavyo rwo guhindura rushobora gushika ku metero ±1,2 kandi imfuruka zavyo zo guhindukira zishobora kurenga degre ±30 . Mu gukoranya amaroboti, ama platforms ashira imbere ukugenzura neza cane -uguhinduka kw’iminota (nk’ugushiramwo ±0.01 mm). Naho zifise urugero ruto rw’inyigisho (ubuhinduzi bw’umurongo umwe-ni ±0.1 metero gusa), zisaba ugushikama gukomeye cane. Ivyuma vy’imyidagaduro (nk’ibibanza vy’imyidagaduro vy’i VR) biratuma umuntu ashobora kwibizwa mu mazi mu kwagura urugero rwo guhinduranya (nk’akarorero, ±45℃pitch) mu gihe bigumiza ubuhinduzi mu rugero rwo gukingira (±0,3 metero).
Ivyo muri kazoza: Urutonde runini n'ugukorana n'ubwenge
Ubushakashatsi buriko burakorwa ubu bwibanda ku guhuza "urutonde runini" n'inyishu y'inguvu nyinshi. Nk’akarorero, ubuhinga busanzwe n’ibikoresho bishasha (nk’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa piezoelectric ceramic motors) bishika ku kwihuta/guhagarara vyihuta, bikaba bishoboza ama platforms kuguma afise inyishu y’urugero rwa milisegonda-mu bibanza binini. Ikindi kandi, ugushiraho ubuhinga bwa AI bituma ama platforms ashobora kwitegura inzira z’inyigisho, akavyirinda ubwavyo ahantu hashobora gutera imibabaro y’ubuhinga mu rugero runaka, gutyo akagira ubuzima buramba kandi akagira n’aho akorera neza.
Biragaragara ko n’ugukura kw’abasaba ukuri kw’ibintu, ugukorana n’ibintu bitandukanye, n’ukwigana ivy’ugutohoza mu kirere, urutonde rw’inyigisho z’ibibanza vy’umwidegemvyo vy’ingero nyinshi -z’- ntiruzosubira kugarukira ku gusunika imipaka y’umubiri, ahubwo ruzotera imbere ruja ku buhinga bufise ubwenge, bushobora guhinduka, bushobora guhinduka. Abakoresha barashobora guhindura urutonde rw'inyigisho z'urubuga mu gihe nyaco bishingiye ku bikorwa vyihariye, bagatahura vy'ukuri iciyumviro c'"ubunini buto, ubushobozi buhambaye."
