1. Kubera iki imashini yo gutoza ikenewe mu guhingura ibice vya moteri y’indege
Moteri z’indege (amaturbine y’indege, amakompreseri, ubuhinga bw’amazi, amavuta y’indege, n’ibindi) bisabaUkwihanganira gukomeye cane, iherezo ry'ubutaka rigenzurwa, kandiumubabaro-ubusa.
Ivyo bikoresho bisanzwe (gusya, gutobora, gutobora) ntibishobora kwama bishikwako icarimwe.
Ku bw’ivyo, gutoza birakenewe kugira ngo:
Shika ku buryo bw'ukuri bw'ingero- ukwihanganira kenshi mu±1–2 µm.
Gutanga ibihezagiro vyiza cane- muri bisanzweRa 0,05-0,2 μm.
Gukosora amakosa y'ubuhingank'inyuma-y'-ubuzingiti, ubuzingiti, n'ubuzingiti.
Kunoza ubushobozi bwa tribologique- amavuta agumye, kugabanya ugushikana, no kunanira kwambara.
Kwongera ubutungane bw'imberemu gukuraho ivyuma vyasizwe amavuta n’ibice bitobito-bivuye mu ntambwe z’ubuhinga za kera.
Gukomeza gutunganya no gushira hamwehagati y’ibinogo bihambaye n’ibihimba vy’uguhuza ibitsina.
2. Ibice vy’Indege Bikunze Gutozwa
| Igice | Intumbero yo gutoza |
|---|---|
| Ivyuma vy'injector y'amavuta | Shika ku nzira idahinduka y'amavuta y'ibinyabiziga n'uguhinduka kw'amazi biciye ku murongo nyawo n'ugusenyera kw'isonga. |
| Imibiri y'amazi n'ibikoresho | Kumenya neza ko ukuvuza-kutagiramwo ugunyerera gukwiriye n'uguhungabana gutoya. |
| Inzu zitwara Turbine | Shika ku buzinguzingu n'ugutunganya kugira ngo umuvuduko munini -ube ushikamye. |
| Inzu z'isanduku y'ivyuma | Raba neza ko ivyuma bitunganye neza kandi amavuta agenzurwa neza. |
| Ivyuma vy'ugutera | Gutunganya ahantu kugira ngo amazi ashobore gukingira neza kandi ntashobora kwambara. |
| Kompreseri/Imirongo ya Turbine n'Ibipfukisho | Kwongera inkomezi z'urushe n'ibiranga gukorana n'ivyo hejuru. |
3. Ubwoko bw'imashini yo gutoza ikoreshwa mu guhingura indege
Hakurikijwe ukwihanganira ivy’indege n’ugusobanuka kw’ibice,CNC-igenzurwa n'imashini zikora nezabirakoreshwa cane cane:
| Ubwoko | Imvugo | Ikoreshwa risanzwe |
|---|---|---|
| Imashini yo gutoza CNC ihagaze | Ikoresha servo-igenzurwa n'umugozi n'uburyo bwo gukora ku buryo bubereye, bwikora. | Inzu zitwara moteri, imibiri y'amavalve, amacylindre y'ibikoresho vyo kugwa. |
| Imashini yo gutoza iringaniye | Ikoreshwa igihe kirekire canke biciye mu binogo, n’ubushobozi bwo gutunganya neza. | Ivyuma, amatiyo y’amazi. |
| Uburyo bwo gutoza ivyuma vyinshi- | Kwemerera gukosora icarimwe amabore menshi kugira ngo habeho ukuri guhoraho. | Gukora cane amaboko y’amavalve canke injectors. |
| Uburyo bumwe -Uguca (Uguheza kw'Ibuye ry'Idayimoni) | Ikoresha ubunini budahinduka-, ibikoresho vy'amadayimoni-vy'amadayimoni - vyiza ku kwihanganira gukomeye-, ibikoresho vy'indege vy'uburemere bwinshi-. | Ibice vy’urutonde rw’amavuta n’ibinogo bitobito vy’ukuri. |
Amamashini menshi yo muri iki gihe yo gutoza ivy’indege ni .servo -itwara, CNC ishobora gukorwa, kandi ifise ibikoresho .muri-uburyo bwo gupima, ubushuhe bwo gusubiza inyuma, kandikwinjira mu makuruku bijanye n’ukwemeza ibikorwa (ugukurikirana ku AS9100/ISO 9001).
4. Imikorere y'imashini yo gutoza mu bikorwa vyo mu kirere
| Igikogwa | Uruhara rw'ubuhinga |
|---|---|
| Gukosora ibipimo | Kuraho micro-ugukevya mu bikorwa vyo gubora/gusya kugira ngo ushikire sub-micron. |
| Guheza neza ku ruhande | Ikora microtexture igenzurwa kugira ngo ikoreshe amavuta y’amazi canke ibikorwa vy’ugukingira. |
| Ubutungane bw'ubuhinga | Ikosora ubumuga bw'akanwa k'umurongo, umugozi, canke inkengeri{0}} kugira ngo umenye neza ko ari umuzingi nyakuri n'ugutunganya. |
| Ukwongerekana kw'ubutungane | Ikuraho ivyuma vyasizwe, ibipfunsi, n'ibice vyashikiwe n'ubushuhe-, bigatuma ubuzima bw'urushe bugenda neza. |
| Ingenzi y'ubutaka bukora | Irema ivyumba vy'imisozi canke vy'umusaraba-vy'imirongo bihuye n'ugutemba kw'amavuta n'ugucungera imitsi. |
| Gusubiramwo no kugenzura uburyo bwo gukora | CNC kwikoresha ituma uburyo buhoraho mu bice vy'agaciro kanini-vy'ikirere. |
5. Uko igikorwa co gutoza gikorwa (Intambwe-ku-Intambwe)
Intambwe 1 - Gutegura
Igikoresho co mu kirere (nk’akarorero, umubiri w’ivyuma canke inzu y’ivyuma) gifatanywa neza n’ugutunganya neza.
Isukuni ngombwa - mbere n'ibisigazwa bitobito bishobora guhindura urugero rwa micron-iherezo.
Ivyizaigikoresho co gushaza(ibuye, amaboko, canke umurongo umwe-uca) bitorwa bishingiye ku bikoresho (nk’akarorero, Inconel, titanium, ivyuma bitagira ibara, ivyuma vy’ivyuma).
Intambwe 2 - Gutegura igikoresho
Igikoresho co gusukura gifiseamabuye ashaza(mu bisanzwediamacankeCBN) ry’ibara ry’agahama.
Ukwagura igikoresho niservo canke igenzurwa n'amazikubera umukazo ungana.
Ibigenderwako nkauburebure bw'urugendo, umuvuduko w'uruzitiro, umuvuduko, n'ingero y'ibifungurwabirategurwa biciye ku CNC.
Intambwe 3 - Ibikorwa vyo gutoza
(a) Guhindukiza no gusubizanya icarimwe
Umutwe wo gutozaizunguruka (100–400 ku munota)mu gihegusubira inyuma (10–30 m/min).
Iyi nyigisho ikuraho ibintu bitobito (mu bisanzwe 0.005–0.05 mm) maze igatuma haba ahantu heza, h’umusaraba-havuye mu mfuruka.
(b) Ivyo gukonjesha n’ivyo gutera amavuta
Amavuta yo gusukura canke umunyu w'agaciro kanini -ukomeza gutangwa kuri:
Gusukura ibisigazwa vy'ibikoresho
Gukingira ubushuhe
Gukomeza gushikama kw'ingero
(c) Ingero y'igihe nyayo-
Mu-ibipimo vy'umuyagacankeIvyuma bita LVDTgukurikirana ubunini bw’ibarabara n’ubuzinguzingu.
Imashini irahagarara iyo ingano y'intumbero ishitse (auto shut-off).
Intambwe 4 - Guheza canke Gutera imbere
Igikoko ciza cane cankeuburoso bwo gukosorabikurikira kugira ngo uremeubutaka buteye igomwe:
Isonga ryararinganijwe
Ibiyaya birasigaye kugira ngo amavuta agumeko
Ishika kuri Ra 0,05–0,2 μm, Rz 0,3–0,8 μm
Iyo ntambwe ni ngirakamaro canecane ku .amabobo y'amazi n'inzu zitwara, aho gutera amavuta no gukingira ari ngirakamaro cane.
Intambwe 5 - Gusuzuma no kwemeza
Inyuma-gukosora, ibice biracamwo:
Ingero y'umuyaga(uburebure, ubuzibuzi)
Ubuhinga bwo gupima ubuso
Igenzura ry'imirongo
Igenzura ry'isuku(ISO 16232 canke ibihwanye)
Ingero zose zifatwa mu buryo bwa digitale kugukurikirana n'icemezo c'uburyo.
6. Imigenderanire isanzwe
| Parametere | Urutonde rusanzwe | Intumbero |
|---|---|---|
| Gukuraho ububiko | 0,005-0,05 mm | Gukosora ingero za nyuma |
| Ubusaza bwo ku ruhande (Ra) | 0.05–0.2 µm | Iherezo ryiza ryo gutera amavuta |
| Ubuzinguzingu | Muto canke bingana na 1–2 μm | Uburinganire bw'umuvuduko munini-n'ugukingira |
| Umusaraba-Imfuruka y'uruzitiro | 20 degre –40 degre | Ugucungera amavuta |
| Gucungera ubushuhe | ±0.5 degre | Uguhuza kw'ingero |
7. Incamake
| Uruhande | Imvugo |
|---|---|
| Gukenera gutozwa | Shika ku bugororotsi burengeje urugero, ubutungane bwo ku ruhande, n'ukwizigirwa mu binogo bikomeye vya moteri y'indege. |
| Ubwoko bw'imashini | CNC ihagaze canke ihagaze neza imashini zo gutoza (kenshi zifise -spindle nyinshi canke imwe-imirongo y'amadayimoni). |
| Imikorere | Gukosora ingero, guheza uruhande, ubutungane bw'ubuhinga, kunoza ubutungane bw'uruhande. |
| Uburyo bwo gukora | Ivyuma bikoreshwa mu gushaza bigenzurwa n’uguhinduranya n’ugusubiranamo icarimwe, munsi y’ivyo gukonjesha, n’ugupima mu -ibikorwa. |
| Ingaruka | Ultra-ivyiza cane, bitagira umubabaro-, bishobora guhangana n’ugusambuka-bituma moteri z’indege zimara igihe kirekire, zikora neza, kandi zitekanye. |
